Peptides - Tiny protein fragments that promote collagen growth and help repair skin.
Antioxidants - Any ingredient that reduces free-radical damage to the skin. Commonly vitamins A, C, E
Hyaluronic Acid - A sugar molecule found naturally in the skin, it increases skin's moisture content and prevents water loss. It can hold 1,000 times it's weight in water and is typically found in expensive creams and serums.
Amino Acids - The building blocks of the proteins that make up collagen and elastin - substances that give the skin it's structural support. Aging and a combination of external factors (including UV light and environmental toxins) reduce the level of amino acids in the body; creams containing amino acids may help restore them.
Collagen - This protein makes up 80% of the skin, and it's fibers give skin its firmness and strength. Collage naturally breaks down over time, but certain ingredients, such as retinal and peptides (including Matrixyl) can stimulate new collagen production.
Hyper-pigmentation - Often triggered by UV light exposure, a wound, illness, hormonal changes, or certain drugs, this darkening of the skin might appear as a uniform tan, melanoma (patches of discoloration), or an isolated acne scar.
Retinol - A derivative of vitamin A used in anti-aging products to stimulate the turnover of skin cells and increase collage production. The maximum amount allowed in over-the-counter products is 1%. Retinyl palmitate and retinaldehyde are weaker, less-irritating forms of retinol.
Ceramides - They make up about 20% of the skin's intercellular matrix, the 'glue' that holds skin cells together, helping skin maintain its appearance while protecting it.
Phospholipids - These are essential to the function of cell membranes by providing a stable surrounding structure. Lecithin is an example of a phosopholipid.
Lecitithin - This is present to act as an emulsifier for the product but it also helps to hydrate, replenish, and repair the skin due to its essential fatty acid content.
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